Disorder
Endocrine Gland
Cause of Problem
Signs & Symptoms
Treatment
Acromegaly
Pituitary Gland
Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone. Caused by a benign tumor in the pituitary (or sometimes other parts in body) that secretes excessive amounts of growth hormone.
Enlarged hands and feet.
Changes in face proportions (enlarged nose, protruding jaw and bro, thickened lips)
Husky voice, headaches, impaired vision, severe snoring, excessive sweating
Doctors can remove most pituitary tumors via transsphenoidal surgery.
Drugs such as somatostatin analogues, dopamine agonists and GH antagonist.
Radiation therapy
Dwarfism
Pituitary Gland
Hyposecretion of Growth Hormone. Caused by failure to produce enough growth hormone or malnutrition
Short arms and legs, short fingers, limited mobility at the elbows, a disproportionately large head, with a prominent forehead and a flattened bridge of the nose
Treatment aimed at reducing complications via surgery.
Fix curvature of spine
Graves’ Disease
Thyroid Gland
Hypersecretion of thyroid hormones. Caused by a malfunction in the body’s immune system. Iodine deficiency
Anxiety, Weight loss, enlargement of thyroid gland, reduced libido, fatigue, heart palpitations, enlarged eyes
Antithyroid medications such as Methimazole and propylthiouracil
Radioactive Iodine
Surgery to remove goitre
Addison’s disease
Adrenal Gland
Hyposecretion of cortisol and aldosterone. Caused by damaged adrenal gland (tuberculosis, infection, cancer) or immune system problems
Extreme fatigue, weight loss, nausea, hypoglycaemia, body hair loss, darkening of skin, low blood pressure, fainting
Medication such as corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, prednisolone or dexamethasone.
Eating...