The early modern period developed from a global level of territorial and economic control. The desire for overseas expansion and natural resources was further strengthened among various countries because of the voyage of Christopher Columbus. This resulted in the powerful core nations, primarily found in Western Europe such as Spain, France, and who emerged as leaders in expansion. These nations expanded into other territories to gain natural resources or goods to increase their economic success. Eventually, they were able to control trade in the international world for the benefit of their economies.
Spain, a powerful leader in the core nations, set out to conquer the Americas. They were able to obtain large areas of land due to explorers. For example, Amerigo Vespucci was able to win papal approval claim the region of modern-day Latin America as Spanish territory. Furthermore, military expeditions were led to Mexico, South America, Florida, and most of the southwestern United States of America. The Spanish gained land outside of the Americas as well. Spanish explorer Ferdinand Magellan led the first trip around the world and took the Philippines under Spanish rule. As a result, Spain was able to get access to the natural resources in the Americas and gain economic power through the use of explorer voyages.
In northern Europe, France established themselves as leaders in exploration. They somewhat competed against countries such as Britain and Holland for dominance on the seas, but focused more so on possession of unconquered areas. French explorers sailed across the Atlantic and reached Canada, which they also claimed. Later on, after colonies were established, several expeditions were sent down from Canada into the Great Lakes and Mississippi valley regions. The French had created an opportunity to promote trade with permanent settlements in Canada while they expanded into other territories.
Holland, another northern European country, at this time recently won independence from Spain and took part in global contact. To their advantage, the Dutch had improved the design of oceanic vessels which...
